Penicillin is a group of antibiotics that is widely used to treat bacterial infections. It was one of the first antibiotics discovered and remains a cornerstone in the treatment of various infections. Penicillin works by targeting bacterial cell walls, preventing the bacteria from forming properly, which leads to their destruction. It is highly effective against many types of bacteria, including those that cause strep throat, skin infections, pneumonia, syphilis, and bacterial endocarditis.

Penicillin is generally well-tolerated, but some people may experience allergic reactions, ranging from mild rashes to severe anaphylaxis. For those allergic to penicillin, alternative antibiotics like erythromycin or cephalosporins may be prescribed. Other side effects, though less common, can include nausea, diarrhea, and, in some cases, yeast infections due to the disruption of natural bacterial flora.

Penicillin comes in different forms, including oral tablets, injectable formulations, and topical applications, depending on the type and severity of the infection. It’s important to complete the full course of penicillin to avoid bacterial resistance and ensure the infection is fully eradicated. As with all antibiotics, penicillin is only effective against bacterial infections and does not treat viral infections such as the common cold or flu.